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What Are Immunomodulators?
Immunomodulators are substances designed to modify how the immune system responds to various threats. These substances can either enhance or suppress immune activity, depending on what your body needs.
These play a crucial role in managing a wide range of medical conditions—from autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation to cancer and organ transplant acceptance. By restoring balance in immune function, immunomodulators can prevent the immune system from becoming overactive or underactive, both of which can lead to serious health problems.
How Do Immunomodulators Work?
There are two main types of immunomodulators:
A. Immunostimulants: Designed to boost the immune response. These are often used in situations where the immune system needs help fighting infections, cancers, or chronic diseases. They work by increasing the activity or production of immune cells and signalling molecules that promote immune defence.
- 1. Interleukins and Interferons: Natural cytokines used to enhance immune responses in cancer and viral infections. Key cytokines include IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFN-γ
- 2. Checkpoint inhibitors:Drugs like pembrolizumab or nivolumab that "release the brakes" on T cells, enabling them to attack tumours more effectively.
B. Immunosuppressants: Used to suppress immune activity in cases such as autoimmune diseases or transplant procedures. These agents prevent the immune system from attacking healthy tissue or transplanted organs.
- 1. Corticosteroids: Such as prednisone, are used to broadly suppress inflammation and immune activity.
- 2. Calcineurin inhibitors: Like cyclosporine or tacrolimus, are commonly used after organ transplantation.
- 3. Biologics: Such as TNF inhibitors (e.g., infliximab) used in autoimmune conditions to block specific inflammatory molecules.
How Biorbyt can help!
Biorbyt provides a wide array of reagents designed to support immunology research, including immunomodulatory antibodies, cytokines, small molecules, and custom synthesis options.
Product ID | Antidbodies |
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Product ID | Proteins |
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Product ID | ELISA Kits |
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Product ID | Small Molecules |
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Pertuzumab anti-HER2 is a humanized monoclonal antibody and the first in the class of agents called the HER2 dimerization inhibitors impairs the ability of HER2 to bind to other members of the HER family. | |
Nivolumab anti-PD-1 is a genetically engineered fully human immunoglobulin monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. | |
Infliximab is a humanized antibody against tumor necrosis factor α TNF-α that is used in the treatment of Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis | |
Cyclosporin A is a naturally occurring cyclic polypeptide that is the active metabolite of a fungus. | |
Prednisone (Dehydrocortisone) is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. |
