Rotenone

SKU: orb1304789

Description

Rotenone is a plant-derived small molecule inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, leading to increased ROS and apoptosis. It is widely used in research to model Parkinson's disease and study mitochondrial dysfunction in both cellular and animal studies.

Research Area

Cell Biology, Metabolism Research

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 83-79-4
• MW: 394.42
• Purity: 99.88% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₂₃H₂₂O₆
• SMILES: O=C1C=2C(=C3C(O[C@@H](C(C)=C)C3)=CC2)O[C@]4([C@@]1(C=5C(OC4)=CC(OC)=C(OC)C5)[H])[H]
• Target: Mitochondrial Metabolism,p53,Apoptosis,Dehydrogenase,Autophagy
• Solubility: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:3.95 mg/mL (10.01 mM);DMSO:100 mg/mL (253.54 mM)

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  A549 cells:0.901 μg/mL|A549 cells:0.04 μg/mL|A549 cells (24 h):26 μM (ED50)|697 cells (72 h):0.3 μM|697 cells (48 h):0.3 μM
• In Vivo:
  METHODS: To establish a reproducible mouse model of Rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease (PD), Rotenone (2.5 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to C57Bl/6 mice once daily for two weeks. RESULTS: Systemic exposure of mice to Rotenone resulted in progressive accumulation and regional spread of p129 aggregates, which preceded the maximal loss of DAn. METHODS: To study neurotoxicity, Rotenone (30-100 mg/kg) was administered orally to C57BL/6 mice once daily for fifty-six days. RESULTS: The survival of Rotenone-treated mice at 30 mg/kg was unchanged from 28-56 days, although the survival of Rotenone-treated mice was reduced to approximately 70% within one week. 100 mg/kg Rotenone-treated mice showed a sudden decrease in survival after 28 days, and ultimately to approximately 15% after 56 days. A regimen of Rotenone given chronically at 30 mg/kg for 56 days is more useful for understanding the mechanisms of DA neurodegeneration.
• In Vitro:
  METHODS: Human leukemia cells HL-60 were treated with Rotenone (0-1000 nM) for 30 min and oxygen consumption was measured using a Clark oxygen electrode. RESULTS: Rotenone dose-dependently inhibited HL-60 cell respiration. Rotenone inhibited cellular respiration by more than 96% at 500 nM. METHODS: 10th DIV cells were treated with Rotenone (20 nM) for 48 h. LDH levels were measured by LDH release assay. RESULTS: LDH release can be used as an indicator of general cytotoxicity. rotenone induced an increase in LDH release, and LDH activity increased more than 6-fold compared to the control group. LDH activity increased more than 6-fold compared to the control group.

Storage & Handling

• Storage: keep away from direct sunlight,store under nitrogen | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

Barbasco, Autophagy, Apoptosis, Dactinol, Inhibitor, NAPDH, Paraderil, p53, MitochondrialMetabolism, Mitochondrial Metabolism, inhibit, Rotocide, Rotenon, Rotenone

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

6758