Rofecoxib

SKU: orb1309482

Description

Rofecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. Its role in suppressing prostaglandin synthesis has made it a tool for studying COX-2 overexpression in cancer models, particularly in research related to tumor angiogenesis and cell proliferation.

Research Area

Pharmacology & Drug Discovery

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 162011-90-7
• MW: 314.36
• Purity: >98%
• Formula: C₁₇H₁₄O₄S
• SMILES: O=C1C(=C(CO1)C2=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3
• Target: COX (Cyclooxygenase)
• Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (up to 50 mg/ml).

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  COX-2:18 nM
• In Vivo:
  Rofecoxib potently inhibits carrageenan-induced paw edema, carrageenan-induced paw hyperalgesia, and lipopolysaccharide-induced pyresis with IC50 values of 1.5 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively. It also blocks adjuvant-induced arthritis (IC50 = 0.74 mg/kg/day) and protects cartilage and bone in rats. Oral administration decreases portal pressure in CCl4-treated rats, reduces activated HSCs, and downregulates hepatic levels of collagen, laminin, VEGF, and CTGF.
• In Vitro:
  Rofecoxib inhibits the COX-2-dependent production of PGE2 in human osteosarcoma cells with an IC50 of 26 nM. Rofecoxib is a time-dependent inhibitor of purified human recombinant COX-2 with an IC50 of 0.34 μM. Rofecoxib causes inhibition of purified human COX-1 in a non-time-dependent manner. In a human whole blood assay, Rofecoxib selectively inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced, COX-2-derived PGE2 synthesis with an IC50 value of 0.53 μM compared with an IC50 value of 18.8 μM for the inhibition of COX-1-derived thromboxane B2 synthesis after blood coagulation. Rofecoxib moderately inhibits phenacetin O-deethylation with an IC50 of 23 μM. And a 30-minute preincubation with microsomes and NADPH considerably increases the inhibitory effect of Rofecoxib with an IC50 of 4.2 μM. Inactivation of CYP1A2 by rofecoxib requires NADPH, and is characterized by a K i of 4.8 μM.
• Cell Research:
  The human osteosarcoma cell line has been shown to selectively express COX-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis, whereas undifferentiated human lymphoma U937 cells selectively express COX-1. The production of PGE2 by these cells after arachidonic acid challenge is used as an index of cellular COX-2 and COX-1 activity, respectively. Rofecoxib is preincubated for 5 to 15 minutes with the cells under serum-free conditions [Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS)] before a 10-minutes stimulation with 10 μM arachidonic acid and measurement of PGE2 production. COX activity in each cell line is defined as the difference in PGE2 concentrations in samples incubated in the presence or absence of arachidonic acid.(Only for Reference)

Storage & Handling

• Storage: RT
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

MK-966

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

5090