Paraxanthine

SKU: orb1302403

Description

Paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine), a primary caffeine metabolite, acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor, elevating cAMP to modulate inflammation. It is utilized in research on pulmonary biology, neuropharmacology, and inflammation, with applications in both cellular and animal models to study adenosine signaling and inflammatory pathways.

Research Area

Metabolism Research

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 611-59-6
• MW: 180.16
• Purity: >99.99% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₇H₈N₄O₂
• SMILES: Cn1cnc2[nH]c(=O)n(C)c(=O)c12
• Target: Endogenous Metabolite,Drug Metabolite
• Solubility: DMSO:5.5 mg/mL (30.53 mM);10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:1 mg/mL (5.55 mM);H2O:1 mg/mL (5.55 mM)

Bioactivity

• In Vitro:
  Upon prolonged exposure to Paraxanthine (PX), there is a dose-dependent increase in the count of TH+ neurons within cultures, with the effect becoming significant at concentrations starting from 100 μM and reaching an optimum between 800 and 1000 μM at 10 days in vitro (DIV). This suggests that Paraxanthine likely contributes to the prevention of dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss. Comparatively, Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a prime growth factor for DA neurons, exhibits only a marginally stronger efficacy than 800 μM of Paraxanthine in DA neuron rescue after 10 and 16 DIV, at its optimal concentration of 20 ng/mL. Notably, Paraxanthine, which is formed through N3-demethylation of approximately 80% of caffeine, is significantly more effective than caffeine in promoting DA neuron survival. For instance, while 800 μM of caffeine results in a modest 40% increase in TH+ neuron count at 10 DIV, an identical concentration of Paraxanthine achieves an optimal enhancement in DA cell survival, indicated by a 169% increase.
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Storage & Handling

• Storage: -20°C
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

1,7-DIMETHYLXANTHINE, inhibit, Paraxanthine, Inhibitor, Human Endogenous Metabolite, EndogenousMetabolite, Endogenous Metabolite

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

4687