Thymidine

SKU: orb1296048

Description

Thymidine (DThyd) is a nucleoside used to synchronize cell populations by reversibly inhibiting DNA synthesis, inducing G1/S phase arrest. It serves as a specific DNA precursor in research applications, including studies of cell cycle dynamics, DNA replication, and cytotoxicity in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Research Area

Cell Biology, Infectious Disease & Virology, Metabolism Research, Molecular Biology

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 50-89-5
• MW: 242.23
• Purity: ≥95% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₅
• SMILES: O=C1N([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C2)C=C(C)C(=O)N1
• Target: Virus Protease,Endogenous Metabolite,DNA/RNA Synthesis
• Solubility: Pyridine, Methanol, etc.:Soluble;DMSO:245 mg/mL (1011.44 mM);5% DMSO+95% Saline:2.63 mg/mL (10.86 mM);10% DMSO+90% Saline:5 mg/mL (20.64 mM);Saline:25 mg/mL (103.21 mM);Ethanol:< 1 mg/mL (insoluble)

Bioactivity

• In Vivo:
  METHODS: To investigate the effects of folate analogs on superantigen-reactive peripheral T cells in vivo, Thymidine (500 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into MTX- or tomudex-administered mice twice daily for ten days. RESULTS: Both MTX and tomudex blocked the expansion and accelerated the peripheral clearance of Vβ8-selective T cells. Thymidine administration completely eliminated this effect, suggesting that inhibition of glycoside synthase (TS), but not other folate-dependent enzymes, is the predominant mechanism.
• In Vitro:
  METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 were treated with Thymidine (300-1200 µM) and H2O2 (1 mM) for 0.5 h. DNA damage was detected by comet assay. RESULTS: For the control and Thymidine alone groups, the samples appeared almost circular due to the absence of DNA damage. After exposure to 1.0 mM H2O2 for 0.5 h, a clear comet was observed, indicating DNA damage in this group. However, there was a decreasing trend in the extent of DNA damage in the three combination groups as the concentration of Thymidine pretreatment increased. METHODS: Jurkat, MOLT4 and NALM6 cells were treated with Thymidine (2 mM) for 18 h. RESULTS: Thymidine arrests the cell cycle at the G1/S boundary.

Storage & Handling

• Storage: Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

Endogenous Metabolite, EndogenousMetabolite, Inhibitor, inhibit, NSC 21548, NSC21548, NSC-21548, arrest, 5-Methyldeoxyuridine, Deoxyribothymidine, DNA, DThyd, DNA Synthesis, DNA/RNA Synthesis, DNASynthesis, synchronizing, replication, RNA Synthesis, RNASynthesis, Thymidin, Thymidine, precursor

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

5789