Synephrine hydrochloride

SKU: orb1300553

Description

Synephrine hydrochloride, also known as Oxedrine, is a sympathomimetic agent that functions as an α-adrenergic receptor agonist. It is used in pharmacological research to study adrenergic signaling in both in vitro cellular assays and in vivo models related to cardiovascular and metabolic studies.

Research Area

Metabolism Research, Neuroscience, Pharmacology & Drug Discovery

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 5985-28-4
• MW: 203.666
• Purity: >99.99% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₉H₁₄ClNO₂
• SMILES: Cl.CNCC(O)c1ccc(O)cc1
• Target: Adrenergic Receptor,Endogenous Metabolite
• Solubility: Ethanol:4 mg/mL (19.64 mM);DMSO:16.67 mg/mL (81.85 mM);H2O:38 mg/mL (186.58 mM)

Bioactivity

• In Vivo:
  Administration of Synephrine (1 mg/kg per 12 hours) for 8 days significantly improves the hyperdynamic state in portal hypertensive rats induced by either partial portal vein ligation (PVL) or bile duct ligation (BDL), and significantly reduces the portal venous pressure, portal tributary blood flow and cardiac index in both PVL and BDL rats.
• In Vitro:
  Synephrine (0.1-30 μM) displays potent vasoconstrictive effects on isolated rat aorta in a dose dependent manner, which can be significantly inhibited by pretreatment with prazosin, BRL15572, and ketanserin but not by pretreatment with SB216641 and propranolol, indicating that Synephrine exerts the constrictive effects via adrenergic alpha(1)-receptors, serotonergic 5-HT(1D) receptors, and 5-HT(2A) receptors. Although the Ki values of Synephrine, 1R,2S-norephedrine, and β-phenethylamine are same for all three subtypes, only Synephrine is a partial agonist of α1A-AR subtype stably expressed in HEK 293 cells with EC50 of 4 μM, giving a maximal response at 100 μM that is equal to 55.3 % of the L-phenylephrine maximum. Functional studies on the α2A- and α2C-AR subtypes stably expressed in CHO cells indicate that Synephrine may act as an antagonist rather than an agonist of the pre-synaptic α(2A)- and α(2C)-AR subtypes present in nerve terminals, although antagonist activity of synephrine is lower than its partial agonist potency. Synephrine (~100 μM) treatment increases basal glucose consumption up to 50% over the control in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting the viability of L6 skeletal muscle cells. Synephrine significantly stimulates the basal- or insulin-stimulated lactic acid production as well as glucose consumption. Synephrine treatment stimulates the phosphorylation of AMPK but not Akt, and Synephrine-induced glucose consumption and the translocation of Glut4 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane are sensitive to the inhibition of AMPK but not to the inhibition of PI3 kinase.

Storage & Handling

• Storage: Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

Beta Receptor, AdrenergicReceptor, Adrenergic Receptor, alkaloid, Inhibitor, Endogenous Metabolite, EndogenousMetabolite, inhibit, loss, Oxedrine, Oxedrine hydrochloride, Oxedrine Hydrochloride, β-adrenergic, α-adrenergic receptor, α-adrenergic, Synephrine, Synephrine HCl, Synephrine hydrochloride, Synephrine Hydrochloride, sympathomimetic, weight

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

42609626