Metformin

SKU: orb1298860

Description

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) is a blood-brain barrier permeable AMPK activator used in type 2 diabetes research. It improves glycemic control by enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing intestinal glucose absorption. This compound is widely applied in metabolic disease studies, including in vitro mechanistic investigations and in vivo animal models.

Research Area

Cell Biology, Epigenetics & Chromatin, Signal Transduction

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 657-24-9
• MW: 129.16
• Purity: >99.99% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₄H₁₁N₅
• SMILES: CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N
• Target: Autophagy,AMPK,mTOR,Mitophagy,Apoptosis
• Solubility: H2O:100 mg/mL (774.23 mM);DMSO:49 mg/mL (379.37 mM);10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:2 mg/mL (15.48 mM)

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  TNF-α:3.35 μM|PANC1 cells viability:20.95 ± 0.98 mM|B-CPAP cells viability:5.329 mM|SARS-CoV-2 (Caco2 cells):1.43 mM|SARS-CoV-2 (Calu3 cells):0.4 mM
• In Vivo:
  METHODS: To model Metformin-induced diarrhea, Metformin (125-500 mg/kg) was administered orally to healthy and diabetic obese db/db C57BL/6J mice twice daily for thirteen days. RESULTS: Metformin at 1000 mg/kg/day significantly increased fecal water content. Although no diarrhea symptoms were observed in healthy C57BL/6J mice, the same dose of Metformin induced severe diarrhea in diabetic obese db/db mice. METHODS: To investigate the protective effect of Metformin in radiation injury, Metformin (200 mg/kg once daily for three days) was administered orally to BALB/c mice, which were then exposed to 6-8 Gy of gamma radiation. RESULTS: When administered prior to exposure to radiation, Metformin prolonged the survival of mice exposed to 8 Gy-TBI and increased the survival of mice exposed to 6 Gy-TBI. Pretreatment with Metformin attenuated radiation damage.
• In Vitro:
  METHODS: Ovarian cancer cells A2780 and SKOV3 were treated with Metformin (0.001-50 mM) for 24-48 h. Cell viability was assayed using the MTS RESULTS: Micromolar concentrations of Metformin did not statistically reduce the viability of the A2780 or SKOV3 cell lines. At 48 h, millimolar concentrations resulted in cell death. METHODS: Human colorectal cancer cells HCT29 were treated with Metformin (0.6 mM) for 90 h. Cell motility was detected using the wound healing assay and chamber invasion assay. RESULTS: Metformin inhibited the migration and invasion of HCT29 cells, and Metformin decreased the motility of tumor cells.

Storage & Handling

• Storage: store at low temperature,keep away from direct sunlight,store under nitrogen | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

diabetes, chain, AMPK, Autophagy, barrier, blood-brain, AMP-activated protein kinase, 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide, inhibit, liver, Mitophagy, mitochondrial, Mitochondrial Autophagy, Metformin, insulin, Inhibitor, sensitivity, respiratory, type

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

152743144