Cytochalasin B

SKU: orb1300076

Description

Cytochalasin B is a fungal metabolite that potently inhibits actin polymerization by capping the barbed ends of filaments (Kd ~1.4-2.2 nM). It is widely used in cell biology research to study cytoskeletal dynamics, cell motility, and processes like cytokinesis in both in vitro and cellular assays.

Research Area

Cardiovascular Research, Cell Biology

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 14930-96-2
• MW: 479.6
• Purity: >98%
• Formula: C₂₉H₃₇NO₅
• SMILES: [H][C@]12[C@H](Cc3ccccc3)NC(=O)C11OC(=O)\C=C\[C@H](O)CCC[C@@H](C)C\C=C\[C@@]1([H])[C@H](O)C(=C)[C@H]2C
• Target: Cytoskeleton
• Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (up to 5 mg/ml) or in Ethanol (up to 10 mg/ml).

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  F-actin (Mg2+):2.2 nM (Kd)|F-actin (Mg2+/K+):1.4 nM (Kd)
• In Vivo:
  Cytochalasin B, administered intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg, enhances the lifespan of Balb/c mice afflicted with P388/ADR leukemias in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, a 50 mg/kg dose of Cytochalasin B results in a 10% increase in long-term survival rates for mice with multidrug-resistant P388/ADR leukemia, and a 40% increase in long-term survival for those with the drug-sensitive P388/S variant .
• In Vitro:
  Cytochalasin B is a cell-permeable mycotoxin that binds to the barbed end of actin filaments, inhibiting their elongation and shortening, with Kds of 2.2 nM and 1.4 nM for F-actin in the presence of MgCl2 (2 mM) or MgCl2 (2 mM) plus KCl, respectively . At 6 μM, it increases the myofibrillar fragmentation index by intensively breaking myofibrillar proteins into short segments and accelerates actin filament disruption and F-actin to G-actin transformation, thereby reducing F-actin content and significantly increasing G-actin bands during postmortem conditioning . Cytochalasin B exhibits inhibitory effects on multiple murine cancer cell lines, with IC50s of 2.56 μM (M109c), 10.46 μM (B16BL6), 105.5 μM (P388/ADR), 51.9 μM (P388/S) and IC80s of 12.23 μM (M109c), 44.86 μM (B16BL6), 188.4 μM (P388/ADR), 84.1 μM (P388/S) after 3-hour treatment, and IC50s of 0.25 μM (M109c), 0.37 μM (B16F10), 0.87 μM (B16BL6), and IC80s of 0.75 μM (M109c), 1.21 μM (B16F10) after a 4-day treatment .
• Cell Research:
  The attached cell lines M109c, B16BL6, and B16F10 are seeded at 1 to 4 × 10^4 cells/mL in 2 mL volumes in 24-well culture plates 1 day prior to treatment with Cytochalasin B. The suspension culture of P388/ADR cells is seeded at 5 × 10^4 cells/mL and allowed to grow overnight before Cytochalasin B treatment. Cells are treated with Cytochalasin B for 3 h, as well as 2, 3, or 4 days. In the case of continuous exposure for 2, 3, or 4 days, attached cells are trypsinized and counted with a hemacytometer. Leukemia cell suspensions are counted with a Coulter Counter. In the case of short-term exposure, cells are washed twice with fresh medium, then trypsinized (except for P388/ADR cells), reseeded, and allowed to regrow for 3 days, at which time they are counted. Growth results are calculated as the number of cells generated above the seeding density compared to the untreated control cells and graphically presented as a percent of control increase .
• Animal Research:
  For chemotherapy testing, Balb/c mice under isoflurane anesthesia are challenged with 2 × 10^5 trypan blue negative P388/S or P388/ADR cells subcutaneously (s.c.) in a volume of 200 μL. Untreated mice are kept in order to determine the lethality of the challenge without chemotherapeutic intervention. Long-term survival is defined as challenged mice that survive the duration of the observation period. Cytochalasins B and D are prepared in suspension form in 2 % carboxymethyl cellulose 1 % tween 20 (CMC/Tw) for intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. The congeners or the vehicle are administered to leukemia-challenged mice on Days 1-8 following the initial challenge .

Storage & Handling

• Storage: -20°C
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

NSC107658; Phomin

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

155859134