Cytochalasin B

SKU: orb1300076

Description

Cytochalasin B is a fungal metabolite that potently inhibits actin polymerization by capping the barbed ends of filaments (Kd ~1.4-2.2 nM). It is widely used in cell biology research to study cytoskeletal dynamics, cell motility, and processes like cytokinesis in both in vitro and cellular assays.

Research Area

Signal Transduction

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 14930-96-2
• MW: 479.61
• Purity: 98.79%
• Formula: C₂₉H₃₇NO₅
• SMILES: [H][C@]12[C@H](Cc3ccccc3)NC(=O)C11OC(=O)\C=C\[C@H](O)CCC[C@@H](C)C\C=C\[C@@]1([H])[C@H](O)C(=C)[C@H]2C
• Target: Arp2/3 Complex
• Solubility: DMSO:20 mg/mL (41.7 mM);Ethanol:20 mg/mL (41.7 mM);10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:2 mg/mL (4.17 mM)

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  F-actin (Mg2+):2.2 nM (Kd)|F-actin (Mg2+/K+):1.4 nM (Kd)
• In Vivo:
  Cytochalasin B, administered intraperitoneally at doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg, enhances the lifespan of Balb/c mice afflicted with P388/ADR leukemias in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, a 50 mg/kg dose of Cytochalasin B results in a 10% increase in long-term survival rates for mice with multidrug-resistant P388/ADR leukemia, and a 40% increase in long-term survival for those with the drug-sensitive P388/S variant .
• In Vitro:
  Cytochalasin B is a cell-permeable mycotoxin that binds to the barbed end of actin filaments, inhibiting their elongation and shortening, with Kds of 2.2 nM and 1.4 nM for F-actin in the presence of MgCl2 (2 mM) or MgCl2 (2 mM) plus KCl, respectively . At 6 μM, it increases the myofibrillar fragmentation index by intensively breaking myofibrillar proteins into short segments and accelerates actin filament disruption and F-actin to G-actin transformation, thereby reducing F-actin content and significantly increasing G-actin bands during postmortem conditioning . Cytochalasin B exhibits inhibitory effects on multiple murine cancer cell lines, with IC50s of 2.56 μM (M109c), 10.46 μM (B16BL6), 105.5 μM (P388/ADR), 51.9 μM (P388/S) and IC80s of 12.23 μM (M109c), 44.86 μM (B16BL6), 188.4 μM (P388/ADR), 84.1 μM (P388/S) after 3-hour treatment, and IC50s of 0.25 μM (M109c), 0.37 μM (B16F10), 0.87 μM (B16BL6), and IC80s of 0.75 μM (M109c), 1.21 μM (B16F10) after a 4-day treatment .
• Cell Research:
  The attached cell lines M109c, B16BL6, and B16F10 are seeded at 1 to 4 × 10^4 cells/mL in 2 mL volumes in 24-well culture plates 1 day prior to treatment with Cytochalasin B. The suspension culture of P388/ADR cells is seeded at 5 × 10^4 cells/mL and allowed to grow overnight before Cytochalasin B treatment. Cells are treated with Cytochalasin B for 3 h, as well as 2, 3, or 4 days. In the case of continuous exposure for 2, 3, or 4 days, attached cells are trypsinized and counted with a hemacytometer. Leukemia cell suspensions are counted with a Coulter Counter. In the case of short-term exposure, cells are washed twice with fresh medium, then trypsinized (except for P388/ADR cells), reseeded, and allowed to regrow for 3 days, at which time they are counted. Growth results are calculated as the number of cells generated above the seeding density compared to the untreated control cells and graphically presented as a percent of control increase .
• Animal Research:
  For chemotherapy testing, Balb/c mice under isoflurane anesthesia are challenged with 2 × 10^5 trypan blue negative P388/S or P388/ADR cells subcutaneously (s.c.) in a volume of 200 μL. Untreated mice are kept in order to determine the lethality of the challenge without chemotherapeutic intervention. Long-term survival is defined as challenged mice that survive the duration of the observation period. Cytochalasins B and D are prepared in suspension form in 2 % carboxymethyl cellulose 1 % tween 20 (CMC/Tw) for intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. The congeners or the vehicle are administered to leukemia-challenged mice on Days 1-8 following the initial challenge .

Storage & Handling

• Storage: store at low temperature | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

Cytochalasin B, Arp2 Complex, Arp2Complex, Arp3 Complex, Arp3Complex, F-actin, Phomin

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

155859134