Kaempferol

SKU: orb1306206

Description

Kaempferol (Robigenin) is a natural flavonoid that acts as an inverse agonist of ERRα and ERRγ. It exhibits broad-spectrum antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, making it a valuable tool for research in cancer biology, immunology, and infectious disease studies both in vitro and in vivo.

Research Area

Cell Biology, Infectious Disease & Virology, Metabolism Research, Protein Biochemistry

Key Properties

• CAS Number: 520-18-3
• MW: 286.24
• Purity: 99.94% (May vary between batches)
• Formula: C₁₅H₁₀O₆
• SMILES: O=C1C=2C(OC(=C1O)C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=CC(O)=CC2O
• Target: Estrogen Receptor/ERR,Autophagy,HIV Protease,Estrogen/progestogen Receptor,Parasite,Mitophagy,Apoptosis,Endogenous Metabolite
• Solubility: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline:2.87 mg/mL (10.03 mM);Ethanol:28.6 mg/mL (99.92 mM);H2O:< 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble);DMSO:45 mg/mL (157.21 mM)

Bioactivity

• Target IC50:
  NO release:5.02 μM (RAW264.7 cells)|Antiamoebic activity (against N. fowleri trophozoites):29.28 ± 0.63 μM|HMGB1:28.9 μM (Kd)
• In Vivo:
  METHODS: To investigate the effects on hemorrhagic shock mice, Kaempferol (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to C57/BL6 mice experiencing hemorrhagic shock. RESULTS: Pre-treatment of hemorrhagic shock mice with Kaempferol significantly reduced plasma TNF-α and IL-6 levels; restored MPO, SOD and MDA in the heart, lungs and liver; and increased HO-1 expression in the same organs. METHODS: To study the anti-neuroinflammatory effects, Kaempferol (25-100 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to BALB/c mice once a day for seven days, and LPS (5 mg/kg) was injected on the seventh day. RESULTS: Kaempferol may be a promising neuroprotective agent to alleviate inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier dysfunction by inhibiting HMGB1 release and downregulating the TLR4/MyD88 inflammatory pathway.
• In Vitro:
  METHODS: Human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 were treated with Kaempferol (0.01-100 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was detected by MST assay. RESULTS: Kaempferol inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 43 μmol/L. METHODS: Human gastric cancer cells AGS and SNU638 were treated with Kaempferol (50 μM) for 8-24 h. The expression levels of target proteins were detected by Western Blot. RESULTS: Kaempferol increased cleaved caspase-3 and -9 and decreased Bcl-2 levels in a time-dependent manner.
• Cell Research:
  Kaempferol is prepared in DMSO (100 mM) and stored (-20°C), and then diluted with appropriate medium. Ovarian cancer cells are seeded in 96-well plates at 2000 cells/well and incubated overnight before treatment with 0-160 μM Kaempferol for 24 hours in triplicates. The medium is removed, and the plates are freeze-thawed to lyse cells. Each well is added with 200 μL 1× CyQUANT cell lysis buffer containing 5x SYBR Green I and incubated at room temperature (RT) for 5 minutes. The reaction (50 μL) is transferred to PCR strip tubes and the fluorescent signal is measured at 90°C with a real-time Chromo4 PCR instrument. To ensure that cell proliferation assays are performed within a linear range of cell numbers, a standard curve is generated by seeding different amount of OVCAR-3 cells (based on counting with a hemacytometer) in a 96-well plate, and measuring genomic DNA abundance after overnight incubation. Three independent experiments are performed and data is pooled for statistical analysis.

Storage & Handling

• Storage: Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year | Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.
• Expiration Date: 12 months from date of receipt.
• Disclaimer: For research use only

Alternative Names

Parasite, Mitophagy, Mitochondrial Autophagy, Kempferol, Kaempferol, inhibit, EndogenousMetabolite, Endogenous Metabolite, ERR, ER, EstrogenReceptor, Estrogen Receptor/ERR, Estrogen Receptor, Human immunodeficiency virus, Inhibitor, HIVProtease, HIV, HIV Protease, Apoptosis, Autophagy, Robigenin, progestogen Receptor, progestogenReceptor

Compound Identifiers

PubChem CID

5280863